Fofor

history
(Greece, phosphoros, which has a light, the ancient name for the planet Venus when it appears before sunrise). Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669 by preparing it from urine.

nature
Phosphorus contained in four or more forms of alotropik: white (or yellow), red, and black (or purple). Ordinary phosphorus is a white object like a candle. Its pure form has no color and transparent. White phosphorus has two modifications: alpha and beta with a transition temperature at -3.8 degrees Celsius.

He is not soluble in water, but soluble in carbon disulfide. He can burn easily in the air and form pentaoksida.

source
Never found in nature, this element is distributed in a variety of minerals. Rock phosphate, which has mineral apatite, a tri-calcium-phosphate that is not pure and is an important source of this element. Large deposits have been found in Russia, Morocco, and the state of Florida, Tennessee, Utah, and Idaho.

handling
Phosphorus is very poisonous. Dose of 50 mg, which is very fatal. Do not be exposed to white phosphorus is more than 0.1 mg/m3 (8 hour time weighted average, for 40 hours per week). White phosphorus should be stored in water, because it is very reactive with air. Special tool (forceps) also need to be used to handle this element because it can burn the skin.
When exposed to light matahai or when heated in steam to 250 degrees Celsius, he transformed into various forms of red that does not react in the air as easily as a white shape. This form is also not sebahaya white form. But it remains necessary prudence in handling, because it can change again to the white form at certain temperatures and release toxic fumes when heated. Red form is quite stable, evaporated with air pressure of 1 atm and 17o C and diguankan in making a safe lighters, fireworks, pesticides, smoke bombs, etc..